Eighty Days: Nellie Bly and Elizabeth Bisland's History-Making Race Around the World by Matthew Goodman

Travel has long been praised as a transforming experience. In Eighty Days: Nellie Bly and Elizabeth Bisland's History-Making Race Around the World, author Matthew Goodman tells us how the lives of two young women of the Gilded Age, traveling alone when women were supposed to be chaperoned, were changed by circling the world.

In the 1880s, means of transportation were quickening. With the laying of railroads across continents, launching of ocean-crossing steamships, and the opening of the Suez Canal, trips that had previously taken months could be made in days. Jules Verne recognized the possibilities and delighted readers with his adventure novel Around the World in Eighty Days. With speculation about global travel running high because of Verne's book, journalist Nellie Bly consulted time tables and calculated a trip around the world could be made in only 75 days. In 1889, she proposed that the New York World send her on such a trip. The editors at first declined but later, feeling that they needed a big splashy story to stop a decline in their sales, accepted her idea.

An editor for Cosmopolitan magazine also recognized the opportunity for publicity and within hours of Nellie Bly's departure to the east sent his book reviewer Elizabeth Bisland west in an attempt to beat Bly back to New York. Women who had never met suddenly became rivals. In Eighty Days, the author recounts two difficult journeys while comparing and contrasting two novice travelers. He also uses incidents from their trips to introduce topics of the age, including the closing of he American frontier, British imperialism, the rise of the tourist industry, and the role of women in journalism. In the concluding chapters, Goodman describes how Bly and Bisland fared after their notoriety faded.

Because most of the story is about the journeys, Eighty Days will be found in the travel section of your public library. History readers should remember to look there for it and other entertaining historical travel adventures.

Goodman, Matthew. Eighty Days: Nellie Bly and Elizabeth Bisland's History-Making Race Around the World. Ballantine Books, 2013. 449p. ISBN 9780345527264.

audiobook: Random House Audio, 2013. 15 compact discs. approximately 19 hours. ISBN 9780385359726.

The American Scream

On Friday night after showing The American Scream to our film discussion group at the library, I had the worst nightmare that I can remember having since childhood. It involved my going into our kitchen and hearing a scream coming from the stew pot on the stove. Even in my dreams I should have known better than to lift the lid on the stew pot. I can't even begin to describe the horror.

This is all a little surprising. Though there are plenty of grizzly images in documentary The American Scream, which shows three home haunters and their families preparing for Halloween, the film was mostly light and sweet. Some of the home haunters were obsessive in their efforts to put on a good show in either their basements or backyards, but they all seemed intent on having good fun. There were some family issues to sort out, but every family seemed to love being a part of the fun. I especially liked the father and son who volunteered as clowns for parties and community events when they were not preparing for Halloween. It all made me want to decorate our yard or go to a haunted house right away.

You might ask what there was to discuss in a mostly straight forward documentary chronicling a month of preparations for Halloween. I'd suggest examining the characters in the film and your own community feeling about the holiday. You'll probably start talking about your own Halloween memories. That's what the ten people who came to our discussion did.

Here is the trailer to give you a feel for the film: The American Scream trailer.

Mr. Tiger Goes Wild by Peter Brown

Mr. Tiger Goes Wild by Peter Brown feels like a dangerous book to me. I just read it and am feeling that I should blow off work today. Oh, I'll probably still go today, but maybe I'll skip tomorrow. Maybe not tomorrow, but sometime soon.

I'd like to read Mr. Tiger Goes Wild with young children. We'd all become wild animals and run about the park. But that may be too dangerous. We might all jump in a fountain.

I am feeling like spending the whole day outdoors, away from buildings and streets, out in the forest. Why is that? Maybe I will read Mr. Tiger Goes Wild again.

Brown, Peter. Mr. Tiger Goes Wild. Little Brown and Company, 2013. ISBN 9780316200639.

Bushville Wins! The Wild Saga of the 1957 Milwaukee Braves and the Screwballs, Sluggers, and Beer Swiggers Who Canned the New York Yankees and Changed Baseball by John Klima

Here is a good World Series book.

During the major league baseball playoffs, with my teams dropping faster than the autumn leaves, I turned from the television to my reading wish list and choose Bushville Wins! The Wild Saga of the 1957 Milwaukee Braves and the Screwballs, Sluggers, and Beer Swiggers Who Canned the New York Yankees and Changed Baseball by John Klima, a baseball story that I knew would end well. The subtitle and the pictures on the cover give away the ending to anyone not already familiar with the story. I knew the basics, having read two books on the baseball career of Henry Aaron, a key player in the saga. I read this history of the 1957 Braves over four or five days, still peeking at the current playoffs each night.

Bushville Wins! is a classic team history divided into three parts. The first tells how in 1953 the hapless Boston Braves became the first major league team to relocate in 50 years. The move gave the team a larger fan base and more capital with which to build on an already promising core of young players. The second part recounts the ups and downs of the team during the 1957 season, which threatened at times to be as disappointing as 1956 when the Braves were eliminated from the pennant race on the final weekend. In the final part, the author tells how the Braves beat the favored Yankees, who had won so many times before.

Being anti-Yankee all my life, I found Bushville Wins! a story to savor. The author describes how in the 1950s New York dominance of baseball had dampened national interest in the game. He asserts that the Braves' move to Milwaukee led the way to the spread of teams across the country and that their win in the World Series signaled that most champions would come from outside New York City in the future.

I enjoyed many entertaining stories about old players whose baseball cards I had as a kid - Eddie Mathews, Warren Spahn, Lew Burdette, and Bob Buhl. They were a spirited brotherhood dedicated to fun on and off the field. I also liked what in the 21st century seem strange details, such as Braves officials running a thousand telegraph lines into County Stadium for reporters covering the 1957 World Series. The author makes 1957 Milwaukee a lively destination for sports book readers.

Klima, John. Bushville Wins! The Wild Saga of the 1957 Milwaukee Braves and the Screwballs, Sluggers, and Beer Swiggers Who Canned the New York Yankees and Changed Baseball. Thomas Dunne Books, 2012. 323p. ISBN 9781250006073.

Henry IV Part 1 by William Shakespeare

Bonnie and I recently watched the Great Performances broadcast of William Shakespeare's Henry IV Part 1. Including both Jeremy Irons (above) and Tom Hiddleston, the film shot in historical locations in Great Britain promised to be entertaining. It proved fascinating, but I was a little confused throughout.

Shakespeare did not provide an explanatory prologue in Henry IV Part 1. Instead, readers of the play or viewers of the broadcast are from Act One thrown right into the plot with Henry IV (Irons) telling his court why he is unhappy with the news from battlefronts. Long passages introduce numerous characters, whose allegiances are questionable. I knew from previous Shakespeare experiences to wait and much will become clear. In the meantime, I tried to remember bits of British history and draw on my memory of reading the play in college.

I found that I remembered comic parts about the Prince and his friend Falstaff better than any of the political and military history. Of course, on the screen the pub scenes seemed edgier than I ever imagined when reading. The prince was more wayward than just a school boy involved in pranks. Hiddleston brought the role to life splendidly.

Near the end of the video during the battle scene, Bonnie pulled down The Riverside Shakespeare (one of the few books that I have kept from college) and tried to follow along. She discovered that some very helpful lines were cut and the sequence of the action altered somewhat. After the play ended - its summation as brief as its introduction - I kept The Riverside Shakespeare out and read the play again over the next three nights.

I see now that while viewing I confused facts about the character Mortimer with that of the character Worcester. I also learned the Henry Percival the younger, called Hotspur, was a brother-in-law of Mortimer. Mortimer had been designated as heir by Richard II, who was dethroned and probably executed by Henry IV. Mortimer was a more important character than I realized. No wonder Hotspur had issues with the king.

Reading the play before viewing the broadcast would help, but conversely, viewing the broadcast helped me in reading the play. Make your choice.

The play is part of the Hollow Crown: Shakespeare's History Plays Series, produced by Thirteen New York Public Media's with NBC Universal International, and Neal Street Productions (who made Call the Midwife). I do want to see more. We were supposed to start with Richard II. We'll have to get the DVD from the library or watch online.

Searching for Sugar Man, a film by Malik Bendjelloul

At Thomas Ford, we are quite proud of our film discussion program, started by Aaron Schmidt in 2003. We have shown a lot of great out-of-the-mainstream films, constantly enlightening and entertaining our regular and occasional discussion group members. That said, I think there was a special buzz about the room when we showed Searching for Sugar Man, a documentary about the life of folk/rock singer Rodriguez. The film had gotten many positive reviews but few venues in the western suburbs of Chicago had shown it. There was elevated interest in our showing of the film. Rachel Hoover, our selector, made an excellent choice for our series.

Searching for Sugar Man tells an incredible story. Sixto Rodriguez of Detroit, Michigan was a successful if somewhat mysterious local musician in the late 1960s and early 1970s. He sought no publicity but did record two albums that sold very poorly in the United States. What no one in America noticed was that someone took copies of these albums to apartheid-torn South Africa where they became "the music of the times." Many former protesters attest that he was an inspiration for their movement. Most incredibly, Rodriguez never knew. He dropped out of the music scene, and worked in construction in a city that was falling apart.

This could be a very sad story, but it is not. The film is a celebration of music, much of it running through the soundtrack.

What struck me is the frequent comparisons of Rodriguez to Bob Dylan. I can understand how the social commentary in the lyrics of several songs suggests the comparison, but vocally and musically I think Rodriguez sounds much more like Don McLean and Jose Feliciano. The studio albums, which were recorded in London and California, were given rich orchestral treatment typical of the era. In interviews, his record producers repeatedly state they still can not figure out why he was not a star in America. Over 40 years later, the Coming from Reality album sounds very good to me.

It is nice to add that Searching for Sugar Man won numerous awards and that Rodriguez seems to remain a humble character not turned by fame. We can hope for more happy endings.

Searching for Sugar Man. Sony Picture Classics, 2013. 87 minutes.

The Longest Road: Overland in Search of America from Key West to the Arctic Ocean by Philip Caputo

The literature of travel is rich with grand journeys, including explorers crossing oceans or continents to discover unknown places. In his recent book The Longest Road: Overland in Search of America from Key West to the Arctic Ocean, Philip Caputo refers lovingly to the expedition of Lewis and Clark on numerous pages. His own long journey, however, was more in the tradition of John Steinbeck's Travels with Charley. In the 21st century, there are no blank spots left on our maps, but there are still discoveries to be made.

Late in the spring of 2011, Caputo set off from Key West, Florida with his wife and two dogs in a pickup truck pulling a vintage Airstream trailer. Their destination was Deadhorse, Alaska. With a jar, Caputo planned to mix waters from the Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic oceans, as he gathered impressions of the landscape and people of the United States*. Being a journalist, he had to have a quest. He chose to discover what held our diverse nation together.

Trying to stick to back roads as much as possible, much like William Least Heat-Moon in Blue Highways, he met a great variety of people, many still struggling to recover after the economic meltdown of 2008-2009. Most were philosophical when he asked his question about national cohesion. Others denied his premise, saying that the nation was coming apart.

I listened to the audiobook, which I mostly enjoyed. Some of narrator Pete Larkin's interpretations of regional accents, however, made me cringe. I can imagine some listeners being offended, especially if they recognize themselves as the original voices.

In The Longest Road, Caputo expertly weaves his subplots of repairing the Airstream, finding good meals, walking the dogs, and sharing a very small space with his wife around the story of the journey across the continent. I particularly enjoyed the part from the Great Plains, along the Yellowstone River, and across the mountains. I think many readers will long to follow.

Caputo, Philip. The Longest Road: Overland in Search of America from Key West to the Arctic Ocean. Henry Holt, 2013. 304p. ISBN 9780805094466.

Audiobook. HighBridge Audio, 2013. 10 compact discs. 11 3/4 hours. ISBN 97
81622311958.

*He mostly zips across a stretch of Canada.

An Appreciation of National Park Bookstores in Wyoming

When we visited the Grand Tetons and Yellowstone national parks in September, Bonnie and I wanted to see many things, including mountains, waterfalls, beautiful lakes, Old Faithful and other geysers, hot springs, and a long list of wildlife. We saw four bears (two black and two grizzly), a gray wolf, bald eagles, river otters, bighorn sheep, pronghorn, elk, and many herds of bison. Sadly, we never saw a moose, despite repeatedly going to their favorite locations. What we did not expect to see in abundance were bookstores.

For several years, the decline of brick-and-mortar bookstores has been a frequent topic in the news. From what we saw in September, they thrive in the mountain air, as our national parks preserve bookstores along with wildlife. The stores might not be built with bricks, however. The one near the hot springs basin at Norris (Yellowstone) is in a log cabin. Most of the others were inside very modern visitors centers. I was impressed with their rich offerings.

As you might expect, big beautiful photo books aimed at visitors wanting souvenirs of their visits claimed central display space, often flanked by travel guides filled with practical information and field guides identifying local flora, fauna, and geology. Every store was well stocked with local histories, biographies, and memoirs, and I saw books about the parks' most celebrated animals, especially bears, wolves, and bison. All had children's books, and most had several shelves of fiction, featuring novels set in the parks. The bookstore at Canyon Village Visitors Center (Yellowstone) even had a selection of science journal article reprints about geothermal forces, wildlife population dynamics, and the ecology of wildfire.

Just like any modern well-run bookstore, these bookstores also sell gifts. We saw lots of plush toys, tasteful carvings, mugs, and such. The store in the Colter Bay Visitors Center (Grand Tetons) even sold binoculars. Only a few sold T-shirts, which were usually found at the nearby gift shops, but they all sold bear spray. Every shop in western Wyoming must sell bear spray!

My favorite bookstores were as follows:

1. Colter Bay Visitors Center (Grand Tetons) 
2. Norris Information Station (Yellowstone) 
3. Canyon Village Visitors Center (Yellowstone) 
4. Craig Thomas Discovery and Visitors Center (Grand Tetons) 
5. Old Faithful Visitors Education Center (Yellowstone) 

So, if you are planning a trip to the national parks in Wyoming, do not worry that you are not taking enough to read. The bookstores have much to offer. And if you do not see any moose, you can at least buy a book about them at a national park bookstore.

Mr. Wuffles! by David Wiesner

Have you seen Mr. Wuffles! by David Wiesner? Mr. Wuffles is a cat who is very bored with typical cat toys. Jingle bells, yarn balls, shuttlecocks, ribbons through spools, cloth goldfish, and polka dot mice lay untouched against the baseboard of the room in which he rests. Most still have their price tags attached. Disinterested, Mr. Wuffles does not notice when a little gray spaceship lands among his toys. Then the colorfully-robed Insectoid people cheer their successful landing. What bad timing!

Insectoid scientists must not have designed their spacecraft to withstand attacks by felines. Mr. Wuffles bats and rolls the spacecraft about the hardwood floor, and a tiny trail of smoke escapes through the command deck's window. The tiny Insectoids hold their heads as they examine their equipment. How will they ever escape the dangerous watch of Mr Wuffles?

In Mr. Wuffles!, Wiesner has created a wonderful fantasy accessible to children who do not yet read. The only bit of dialogue is in Insectoid, a language that has not yet been decipher by anyone speaking an earth language. We are all equals as readers of Mr. Wuffles!, earthlings.

Wiesner, David. Mr. Wuffles! Clarion Books, 2013. 9780618756612.

Eight Dolphins of Katrina: A True Tale of Survival by Janet Wyman Coleman

Eight years after the events of August 2005, stories from Hurricane Katrina keep coming. Bonnie recently brought home a Katrina book bound to interest animal lovers of all ages, Eight Dolphins of Katrina: A True Tale of Survival written by Janet Wyman Coleman and illustrated by Yan Nascimbene. Kind as she always is, Bonnie shared the book with me.

Many Katrina stories focus on New Orleans. Not so with Eight Dolphins of Katrina. This story starts at the Marine Life Oceanarium in Gulfport, Mississippi, where keepers planned a move of some of their dolphins to hotel swimming pools four miles inland. There were not, however, enough pools to host all of the oceanarium's collection. Eight dolphins stayed at the coastal facility, which had withstood previous hurricanes.

On the morning of August 29, however, a forty-foot tidal wave crushed the dolphin house, collapsing its roof. As staff approached the building the next day, they dreaded looking into the dolphin pool but upon doing so were amazed to find it empty. They then looked out into the gulf and wondered whether the dolphins could have survived, and if so, where they could be found. Hurriedly they began a search.

The book subtitle gives away that Eight Dolphins of Katrina is a story with a happy ending. In telling it, the author includes several older stories about positive bonds between dolphins and humans. Nascimbene's blue-toned full page illustrations add drama to the story, and photographs showing the oceanarium, its dolphins, and its staff may be found with an account of the facts in the back of the book. Young and old will enjoy this beautiful book.

Coleman, Janet Wyman. Eight Dolphins of Katrina: A True Tale of Survival. Houghton Mifflin Books for Children, 2013. (40 pages) ISBN 9780547719238.

Summer and Bird by Katherine Catmull

After I participated in August's Adult Reading Round Table panel discussion about whole collection readers' advisory, having used bird books in my part of the presentation, several of the ARRT members suggested bird-related books to me, and I read them. One that I enjoyed immensely was Summer and Bird, a fantasy for young readers written by Katherine Catmull.

I was greatly impressed with this first novel. Though Summer and Bird is marketed for young readers, it is very honest and mature in its presentation of problems within families and in its telling of two girls' quests for finding their roles in life. Most readers, however, will not be thinking in such literary terms while reading. They will instead be mesmerized by the unusual story involving two sisters who wake one morning to find themselves abandoned by their parents. Using a drawing left by their mother as a sort of map (the first of several such maps in the book), they set off to find their parents. In the process they pass from Up into Down and encounter many birds.

I wonder how much of this complicated story that young readers understand. Laura in the Youth Services Department at the Thomas Ford Memorial Library explained to me that authors for youth often write for several levels of understanding, including for parents who read to their children among their target audiences. I think that applies here, as the author remarks at the end of the book that this story originated from stories she told while babysitting. I think she created a story that she enjoyed herself while entertaining her young charges. It is a book that I think will interest many adults who enjoy nature-themed fantasy.

Read Summer and Bird with a child if you can. If not, still read.

Catmull, Katherine. Summer and Bird. Dutton Children's Books, 2012. 344p. ISBN 9780525953463.

Ione Quinby, Girl Reporter, a presentation by Genevieve G. McBride and Stephen R. Byers

Few residents knew that Western Springs, Illinois was once the home of a prominent Chicago newspaper reporter, a pioneer for her gender who was remarkable for having a byline, a desk, and many first page stories when most women writing newspapers were anonymous and submitting their reports for the women's pages from home. Her name was Ione Quinby, and she is mostly forgotten today, but a couple of authors from Milwaukee, once reporters themselves and now college professors, are writing a book about her. The Western Springs Historical Society brought Genevieve G. McBride and Stephen R. Byers to the Thomas Ford Memorial Library this past Wednesday night to tell us about Quinby and their upcoming book.

The Quinby name may not be familiar to many but her character is. She was a "girl reporter" for the Chicago Evening Post in the 1920s and early 1930s, covering many beats, but she is mostly remembered for her reporting of crime. Especially famous were her stories about women who killed. For this her friends Ben Hecht and Charles MacArthur wrote a character like her into their Broadway comedy The Front Page. You can also see her character among the murderesses in the corridors and cells of the Cook County Jail whenever you watch the musical Chicago.

Quinby was a fearless reporter, who walked the most dangerous streets of Chicago and said that she once shared a candy bar with Al Capone. She did not, however, live among her subjects, taking a late train to the tranquil suburb of Western Springs almost every night.

She may be partly responsible for the obscurity of her name. After the Chicago Daily News bought and closed the Chicago Evening Post, Quinby was without a job. Within ten days, she married and moved to Milwaukee where she resurfaced as an advice columnist for the Milwaukee Journal. She wrote for that newspaper from the 1930s to the 1980s, using the byline Mrs. Griggs. She never used the Quinby byline again.

Her career as Mrs Griggs is the central subject of McBride and Byers upcoming book to be published by Marquette Press this spring, but her life in Western Springs and Chicago will be included. I know our library will want to get at least two copies.

The Big Burn: Teddy Roosevelt & the Fire That Saved America by Timothy Egan

It was a good bet that I would eventually read The Big Burn: Teddy Roosevelt & the Fire That Saved America by Timothy Egan. I had already enjoyed Short Nights of the Shadow Catcher and The Worst Hard Time, and I was inspired by Egan's appearances at this summer's American Library Association conference in Chicago. The week after our return from Yellowstone was a great time to read The Big Burn. The Bitterroot Mountains which are central to the story are hundreds of miles to the northwest of Yellowstone, but both have forests of lodgepole pine that must burn to reseed. Having just been to the firefighting exhibit at the Grant Village Visitors Center and seen recently burned areas of the park, I can imagine the fire vividly.

The Big Burn is about more than just the fire that burned forests in Montana, Idaho and Oregon in 1910. Egan recounts the formation and early history of the United States Forest Service, its claim that it could protect forests from fire, and the birth of the conservation movement in the United States. The central characters are pioneering forester Gifford Pinchot, governor and then president Theodore Roosevelt (who never liked being called Teddy), and several early forest rangers who worked for Pinchot. While there is much about Roosevelt in the book, there is more about Pinchot, and I think Pinchot's name deserved to be in the subtitle.

The central part of the book is a dramatic account of the fire for which few had prepared. An area the size of a small New England state burned, and many firefighters and settlers died. Unlike the Galveston residents in Isaac's Storm by Erik Larsen, however, the people living in the mining towns of the Bitterroot region had a fair warning of the coming destruction. The huge fire that trapped miners, saloonkeepers, and merchants while they complained about government interference was frequently compared later to a hurricane, and like the Galveston hurricane, changed the American public policy landscape.

The Big Burn serves as a good introduction to forests, conservation, and the idea of public lands, as well as a great disaster story. Roosevelt fans will, of course, want to read it, as his friendship with Pinchot well described. The book can be found in many public libraries.

Egan, Timothy. The Big Burn: Teddy Roosevelt & the Fire That Saved America. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2009. 324p. ISBN 9780618968411.

Pardonable Lies: A Maisie Dobbs Novel by Jacqueline Winspear

While on vacation in the Grand Tetons and Yellowstone, I started listening to Pardonable Lies, the third of the Maisie Dobbs novels by Jacqueline Winspear, read by Orlagh Cassidy. It was good company when I woke in the night and did not want to turn on cabin lights. With early to bed and early to rise, with much else to do while up, my prospects for listening to much of the book were small. But I am sometimes restless in the night, so I listened to about two thirds of the book over the nine days. I finished after we came home.

"Restless" is also word that can be applied to the character of Maisie Dobbs. It was only through determined and unceasing effort that she escaped being a domestic servant and became a private investigator in 1920s London. By the beginning of her third book, she has made a positive impression on a superintendent at Scotland Yard and is called in to help with the interviewing of a young country girl who was forced into prostitution and is charged with murder. Two other cases come her way within days. It is much to handle, but even when she is weary or ill, Miss Dobbs pushes forward with her investigations.

In Pardonable Lies, Maisie Dobbs has three cases to solve, two of which require she return to France where she worked as a nurse during the war. She also encounters some mysteries beyond her official investigations. A series of accidents especially needs her attention. Finding the truth behind these is vital to her very life.

As with the first two Maisie Dobbs novels, I found that I enjoyed the gradual unveiling of facts and the details of a world long past. Luckily for me, there are still another seven novels, and I will be rooting for Maisie Dobbs for years.

Winspear, Jacqueline. Pardonable Lies: A Maisee Dobbs Novel. Henry Holt, 2005. 342p. ISBN 0805078975.

audiobook: BBC Audiobook America, 2005. 9 compact discs, 11 hours. ISBN 0792737490.

On Re-reading A Wedding in Haiti: The Story of a Friendship by Julia Alzarez

For a book discussion I read A Wedding in Haiti: The Story of a Friendship by Julia Alvarez a second time. I don't often re-read books, for there are so many that I have not yet read, but it is a pleasure I will get five more times in the next year. Our church book club voted for six books that I helped nominated last June.

Upon re-reading, I found my general view did not change from the review of A Wedding in Haiti which I wrote last year, but I noticed many wonderful character details and lovely quotations that I did not remember. It was like seeing a movie for a second time. I think I concentrated more on learning the story first time through and enjoyed the descriptions and the language more in the second pass.

I had thought that Alvarez wrote much about her aging parents in this book, but I see now that her account of their story and their current (2010) situation was brief but powerfully moving. Likewise, neither of the trips was long in duration, and her account was economical, but the last impression was of a trip of epic importance.

The underlying challenge that Alvarez offers readers can be summed up as "once you have seen, what is your obligation." In a world filled with people in need, not just in Haiti and the Dominican Republic, determining how we will meet our obligations is a task easily sidestepped with excuses. Alvarez frets that she does not do enough. Do many of us do even a portion of as much as the author and her husband have?

The general consensus of the book discussion group was that A Wedding in Haiti is a good introduction to Alvarez, and several expressed an interest in reading her novels and poetry. The most agreed criticism was that the black and white photos were too small to really show whatever it was that the author wanted to illustrate.

I have five more books to re-read. I hope that I benefit as much as I have with the beautifully written A Wedding in Haiti. Still, next year I may try to nominate from my list of books not yet read.

Alvarez, Julia. A Wedding in Haiti: The Story of a Friendship. Algonquin Books of Chapel Hill, 2012. 287p. ISBN 9781616201302.

Mathew Brady: Portraits of a Nation by Robert Wilson

Mathew Brady is a curiously ill-remembered historical figure. Author Timothy Egan groups him with painter George Caitlin and photographer Edward Curtis as among the artists most responsible for our image of 19th century America. The three men also shared singular visions that they pursued without regard for their wealth, and all died bankrupt. In his book Mathew Brady: Portraits of a Nation, historian Robert Wilson shows that Brady got more and less credit than he deserved for his place is photographic history. He is credited with many images of the American Civil War that he did not actually take. Some were taken by his employees, while others were purchased for his galleries in New York and Washington. He once attempted to take battlefield photographs himself, but his narrow escape from personal danger convinced him that others would do better work in the field.

Why then do people in the 21st century look at Civil War scenes and say "Brady"? To his credit, he taught his photographic methods to most of the men who followed the armies, and he financed the printing and distribution of much of their work. That many of their images carry the Brady stamp was more a marketing act than Brady trying claim credit that was not his to claim. As the executive of a sort of photo bureau, Brady advanced the development of photojournalism.

Where Brady gets less credit is in defining the photographic portrait of his time. Many of the photos we still see in histories and biographies were from Brady's studio. Almost every statesman, general, industrialist, actor, and literary figure from the late 1840s into the 1870s had a Brady portrait. How many of these he actually took or assigned to his stable of photographers is a subject of debate.

While Mathew Brady: Portraits of a Nation is biographical, it is tempting to call it a history. In the account of the Civil War particularly, Brady nearly disappears while the storyline follows field photographers as they negotiate the hazards of war. Readers learn much American history and relatively little about Brady's personal life. The author points out that Brady became a celebrity without sacrificing his privacy. Historians are still trying to pinpoint Brady's birth and untangle the finances of his studios and galleries. 

Author Robert Wilson says that he wanted to fill a historical gap and expose myths with the writing of his book, and he has done so well. His book is now in many public libraries.

Wilson, Robert. Mathew Brady: Portraits of a Nation. Bloomsbury, 2013. 273p. ISBN 9781620402030.

The Botany of Desire: A Plant's-Eye View of the World by Michael Pollan

Michael Pollan has been on my to-read-again list since earlier this year when I heard entertaining New York Times Book Review and NPR Books interviews of the author. He had just published Cooked: A Natural History of Transformation, which sounded as though it would interest anyone who cooks or eats. I have not borrowed the new title yet, but when I found a library audiobook of The Botany of Desire: A Plant's-Eye View of the World available, I downloaded it instead.

The Botany of Desire was published in 2001 and predates Pollan's biggest bestseller The Omnivore's Dilemma. In The Botany of Desire, Pollan tells stories about four prominent plant families in the context of agricultural cultivation, attributing to each different qualities that people crave.

• sweetness - the apple
• beauty - the tulip
• intoxication - marijuana
• control - the potato

Each plant gets a lengthy chapter full of botanical information, cultural history, and personal accounts of Pollan's gardening efforts. His story about growing marijuana is both suspenseful and somewhat comic.

Pollan first, however, considers the apple, which in America is closely associated with the folk tales of Johnny Appleseed. The author profiles 19th century pioneer John Chapman, the real person on whom the Johnny Appleseed legend is based. Pollan spends much of the chapter myth-busting. The apple trees that grew from the seeds Chapman planted or sold produced apples that were usually not good for eating. Instead, they were bitter and small, only good for making hard cider - what most 19th century Americans actually wanted from apples. Apples were rarely eaten before Prohibition. Ironically, because apple seeds are genetically very unpredictable, Chapman's mass distribution of seeds established the U.S. as the country with greatest genetic diversity, which has led to all of today's great eating apples. The irony is that these varieties have to be maintained by grafting, not by seed planting.

Throughout the chapters, Pollan works the idea that the plants are really in control, using humans to assist their survival and development. By giving humans what they desire, the plant families prosper and adapt to new regions. Without humans, apple, tulip, marijuana, and potato populations would decline drastically.

Like the plants, The Botany of Desire satisfies human cravings - those for wickedly good stories and those for learning. It is still good a dozen years after its publication.

Pollan, Michael. The Botany of Desire: A Plant's-Eye View of the World. Random House, 2001. 271p. ISBN 0375501290.

Wild: From Lost to Found on the Pacific Crest Trail

When Cheryl Strayed finally reached the Bridge of the Gods across the Columbia River, ending her trek up the Pacific Crest Trail, she was both happy with her accomplishment and sad that her adventure was at an end. She had found strength that she did not know she had, survived dangerous situations, and encountered a great variety of people, many of whom helped her reach her destination. Her feet were sore, and she relished the idea of eating well again, but she wondered what she would do with her life, still almost penniless and without a plan.

I too am a bit happy and sad having now finished her book Wild: From Lost to Found on the Pacific Crest Trail. I knew that she would survive and was pretty sure that she reached her goal by the fact that she had written her book, but I was still relieved to get to witness her completion. I hoped as I read that she would remake her life, associate with more sensible people for a change, overcome addictions, and find meaning in her life. But I will miss her story telling, which made me long to take off on such a trip myself, despite the heat, cold, hunger, and sheer difficulty of the hike. That's not to say I would do things her way. I'd have funds to eat better when I got to the "resorts." But she did not have that luxury.

I listened to Wild read by the winner of 2009 Best Voice in Mystery and Suspense, Bernadette Dunne. Luckily for me, I had much late season gardening and a fairly long drive to attend a meeting, so I could finish the eleven discs in six days.

Though she finishes with a quick what-has-happened-to-me-since, I think she may have a good story about how she got on with her life. It might be harder to write and not as easy to sell to the reading public, but little was really resolved just by the hike. There must be more. Her collection of essays Tiny Beautiful Things might suffice in the meantime.

Strayed, Cheryl. Wild: From Lost to Found on the Pacific Crest Trail. Alfred A. Knopf, 2012. 315p. ISBN 9780307592736.

Hans Memling: The Complete Works by Dirk de Vos

When Bonnie and I visited New York in May, we discovered the 15th century German painter Hans Memling. We had seen a few Memling paintings before at various museums around the country, but it seemed as though his works were everywhere in New York. We saw our first in the Frick Collection and then a couple very prominently displayed in John Pierpont Morgan's personal study at the Morgan Library. Later we found that the Metropolitan Museum of Art owns eight! Liking the richly-colored portraits particularly, I became a fan and made a mental note to borrow a book on Memling when I was home.

Well, more than three months later, I finally borrowed Hans Memling: The Complete Works by Dirk de Vos, a big beautiful book including a catalog with 93 works attributed to Memling. 93 is a substantial number, considering that the paintings have survived over 500 years, but I will argue the output is even greater, as many are diptychs, triptychs, and other multi-paneled works. Many of these served as portable alters or stations for devotion. Sometimes, there were paintings on two sides of folding panels, perhaps showing religious scenes on the inner panels and the donor, his family, and some saints on the outer panels. Many wealth patrons contracted for Memling's work.

An appendix shows that there are other works that might be Memling's, and a second shows works that have now been proven not to be his. I also found a city by city list of museums containing Memling works interesting; I have another reason for some travel. As beautiful as the paintings are in Hans Memling: The Complete Works, they have to be seen to be fully appreciated.

There are not many books on Memling to be found in our area libraries. He is not one of the artists that is often mentioned these days. I am grateful that the Hinsdale Public Library had this one.

Vos, Dirk de. Hans Memling: The Complete Works. Fonds Mercator Paribus, 1994. 431p. ISBN 9789061533115.

Cotton Tenants: Three Families by James Agee

58 years after his death, James Agee has a new book joining his classics Let Us Now Praise Famous Men (1941) and A Death in the Family (1957). Written as an article for Fortune magazine in 1936 but never published, Cotton Tenants: Three Families is a look at Floyd Burroughs, Bud Fields, and Frank Tingle, three Depression-era white tenant farmers and their families in Hale County, Alabama. The text was thought to have been lost but was found among papers given by Agee's daughter to the University of Tennessee Special Collections Library in 2005.

From reading the editor's notes by John Summers and an introduction called "A Poet's Brief" by Adam Haslett, it sounds to me that the publishers of Cotton Tenants wanted to be very sure there was not another later version of the text before publishing. None has been found. It seems likely what is now published is what Agee intended. Haslett says no reason for Fortune's refusal to publish was ever made clear. While Agee was preparing his article, the editors eliminated the Life and Circumstances department of the magazine to which the article was bound. Anyone can speculate that the editors did not want to offend their Southern readers with Agee's hard assessment of the landed class's role in the plight of the poor.

There seemed to be no escape from the poverty that Agee described. It was no surprise that bright children faded into drab, nearly lifeless adults. The tenant farmers were people without hope.

Fortune paid for famous photographer Walker Evans to accompany Agee to Alabama in 1936. Thirty of his photographs of the farmers, their homes, and cotton fields are included with the article text to make a small but impressive book that can now serve as an introduction to the writings of Agee for a new generation of readers.

Agee, James. Cotton Tenants: Three Families. Melville House, 2013. 224p. ISBN 9781612192123.